Dangerous tiny creatures: Dr Thomas Stangl explains - how to protect yourself from ticks and their diseases

Dr Stangl, why are ticks actually so dangerous?

Ticks can transmit various pathogens - in particular the bacteria that cause Lyme disease and the viruses responsible for TBE. TBE can lead to inflammation of the brain and meninges, which can be very serious. It is therefore important to take tick bites seriously, as symptoms sometimes only appear weeks after the bite.

What symptoms should those affected pay particular attention to after a tick bite?

An early and typical warning sign of Lyme disease is the so-called migratory redness - a red rash growing in a ring around the site of the bite. This is often accompanied by flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache or muscle aches. TBE is usually accompanied by fever and neurological symptoms, such as severe headaches or confusion, which should be promptly checked out by a doctor.

What is the correct way to remove a tick?

The tick should always be removed as quickly as possible. The best way to do this is with fine tweezers or a tick hook. It is important to grasp the tick close to the skin and carefully pull it straight out. Under no circumstances should you twist or squeeze it, as this can cause pathogens to enter the bloodstream. Then disinfect the bite site and observe the skin.

When is it advisable to see a doctor?

A doctor should be consulted as soon as a red rash appears or flu-like symptoms occur. A medical examination is also important if the bite site is inflamed, the tick has not been completely removed or if you have been in a TBE risk area and develop symptoms.